A production system is the group of people, the collection of equipment and procedures organizing to achieve manufacturing operation of a company. Manufacturing system has adopted a computer to improve the manufacturing process. Implementation of the computer not only simplified many if the traditional manufacturing process but also made it almost impossible for the manufacturing industry to survive in the modern era without it.
The requirement of the production system.
The requirement of the production system.
1. Production machine
2. Material handling system
3. Computer control system
4. Human resource
5. Automation
It is defined as the technology concern with the application of mechanical, electrical, electronic and the computer-based system to operate and control the production.
Advantages of automation:-
1. Labour Saving
2. Minimize electricity use.
3. Improves quality of the product
4. Increase the accuracy and precision.
5. Computer Integrated Manufacturing:
Computer integrated manufacturing was introduced by Dr Joseph Harrington in his book bearing that name in 1974. Until 1970 the most aggressive and successful automation was seen in the production process.
The word computer integrated manufacturing denotes the use of a computer system to design the products, plan the production, and control the operation and to perform the various business-related functions needed in a manufacturing process. Discrete parts manufacturing used high mechanised machines that were driven and controlled by cams and complex devices such as automatic screw machines. Computer integrated manufacturing start with the development of the product concept and includes product design and specifications and extend through production, delivery and fast sales activities.
The constituent part of CIM.
The word computer integrated manufacturing denotes the use of a computer system to design the products, plan the production, and control the operation and to perform the various business-related functions needed in a manufacturing process. Discrete parts manufacturing used high mechanised machines that were driven and controlled by cams and complex devices such as automatic screw machines. Computer integrated manufacturing start with the development of the product concept and includes product design and specifications and extend through production, delivery and fast sales activities.
The constituent part of CIM.
1. Marketing
Ø Marketing used to estimate the manufacturing cost to assess the economic viability of the product.
Ø Projection of manufacturing quantities.
Ø Strategies for marketing the product.
2. Product Design.
Ø This department established the initial database for production of a proposed product.
Ø Complex design is usually carried out by several teams working simultaneously across the world.
Ø Design process creates the database required to manufacture the parts.
3.Planning.
Ø Planning involves several subsystems dealing with material, facility, process, tool, manpower, capacity scheduling, outsourcing assembly, inspection and logistics.
4.Purchase
Ø This department deals with the placing the purchase orders, follow up, ensure quality in the production process for the vendor, receive the items, arrange for inspection and supply the items to the stores.
5.Finance
Ø This department deals with the resources pertaining to money.
Planning of investment, working capital, and cash flow control.
Allocation of the fund is the major task of the finance department.
Planning of investment, working capital, and cash flow control.
Allocation of the fund is the major task of the finance department.
Advantages of CIM
1. Lower manufacturing lead time
2. The flexibility of the manufacturing process.
3. Increase productivity.
4. Improve the quality of the product
5. The overall cost of the manufacturing can be reduced
6. Inventory cost reduces
7. Reduces product defects.
Numerical Control
It is the system in which the actors are controlled by direct insertion of numerical data at some point. The system must automatically interpret at least some portion of this data.
Numerical control technology emerged in the mid 20th century. The real boom came in the form of CNC, in the year 1972 and decade later introduction of the affordable microcomputer. The instructions are the combination of the alphabets, digits and selected symbol. All instructions are written in a logical order and a predetermined form. The collection of all instructions necessary to machine a part is called as NC program.
Types of NC system
It is the system in which the actors are controlled by direct insertion of numerical data at some point. The system must automatically interpret at least some portion of this data.
Numerical control technology emerged in the mid 20th century. The real boom came in the form of CNC, in the year 1972 and decade later introduction of the affordable microcomputer. The instructions are the combination of the alphabets, digits and selected symbol. All instructions are written in a logical order and a predetermined form. The collection of all instructions necessary to machine a part is called as NC program.
Types of NC system
1. Traditional Numerical Control
2. Computer Numerical Control
3. Distributed Numerical Control
Traditional Numerical Control
It is also called NC machine tools. It has hardwired control, where control is accomplished through the use of punched tapes or cards. Taped tend to wear and become dirty thus so many problems in the production process.
Computer Numerical Control
It is referred to a system that has a local computer store all required Numerical data, while CNC was used to enhance tapes for a while. Eventually allowed the use of other storage media, magnetic tapes and hard disk. The system can store and execute a number of large programs and also allows editing program.
On CNC machine the function of feed rate drives is to provide motion to the slide as per the motion command. Since the degree of accuracy requirements are high, the feed drive should have high efficiency and response. CNC Control is the heart of the CNC machines. The early CNC Control was developed for simple application in turning machining centre and grinding. But with increased capabilities in a modern machine tool such as higher spindle speed, higher rapid transverses and more number of axes, CNC system has been developed to meet these needs.
Advantages of CNC
It is also called NC machine tools. It has hardwired control, where control is accomplished through the use of punched tapes or cards. Taped tend to wear and become dirty thus so many problems in the production process.
Computer Numerical Control
It is referred to a system that has a local computer store all required Numerical data, while CNC was used to enhance tapes for a while. Eventually allowed the use of other storage media, magnetic tapes and hard disk. The system can store and execute a number of large programs and also allows editing program.
On CNC machine the function of feed rate drives is to provide motion to the slide as per the motion command. Since the degree of accuracy requirements are high, the feed drive should have high efficiency and response. CNC Control is the heart of the CNC machines. The early CNC Control was developed for simple application in turning machining centre and grinding. But with increased capabilities in a modern machine tool such as higher spindle speed, higher rapid transverses and more number of axes, CNC system has been developed to meet these needs.
Advantages of CNC
1. Accurate costing and scheduling
2. Less scrap
3. Reduced inspection process
4. Reduced lead time
5. Setup time reduction
6. Flexibility in the change of design
7. Longer tool life.
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