Era of Mixed reality starts with Jio Glass.

 Era of Mixed reality starts with Jio Glass

In this pandemic COVID 19, worldwide industries are suffering to survive as the pandemic hit them badly. It was very fascinating to hear the news about that the Jio glass has been showcase in their 43rd Annual General Meeting. If you're thinking in the business and marketing point of view then it’s very important to understand why RIL (Reliance industry limited) has launched this Jio glass in this global pandemic situation, they could have launched something that is very much important in this pandemic like vaccine, ventilator, masks, PPE kits etc.
Almost all the company has their research and development department they work on the company's plans and the try to showcase best they can do. It would have planned long ago because the similar products were launched by Google then named was Google glass. When I read the news about Jio glass then came to know that it is as important as the other products in this pandemic.
Reliance industries limited has stated that this new Jio glass is especially designed and prepared for teachers, students and the professional to the virtual 3D class room and the conference and meeting via the Jio mixed reality service in real time.
In this pandemic situation education industry suffered a lot, it could be life changing of the industry they way it is made.

At that annual general meeting event, the company has not reveal the price of the Jio glass but they have shown the demo of the gadget.
I was watching that demo, it so fascinating that it is going make large change the in the existing virtual tools that we are using as of now for teaching, conference and meeting. In that demo , president of Reliance industry made call to the Aakash and Isha and the whole meeting so impressive and engaging that we have never seen before almost it was like teacher taking class in class room and the students are sitting in front of the teacher.
President of RIL also said that "jio glass is at the cutting edge of technology that provides best in class mixed reality services to give users truly meaningful and immersive experience.
Last year in 2019 Annual General Meeting Jio had showcase a HoloBoard mixed reality headset that had similar features. The experts say that the Jio has taken forward the very same project.
Main features of the Jio glass are that it comes with the cable to connect with power and the smartphone and waight of the whole glass is just 75gram, it has also a 25 in built apps to allow augmented reality video classes, meeting and many more.
So far we have come across the word mixed reality or MR but the question is,
what is Mixed Reality
If you are following the latest Technology invention and innovation then You me might have come across the word like augmented reality, virtual reality and mixed reality.
Mixed reality is nothing but the extension of the augmented reality. This latest technology allows us to engage with both physical and virtual environment. To achieve the mixed reality or to build the environment for one should have an ecosystem of compatible Technologies such as headset, high definition imaging, and motion sensing etc.
In this Technologies, we can communicate with the physical world and the virtual world . As you would have seen the annual general meeting of reliance industries limited demo session.
We used to have the boundary between the virtual environment and the real environment this mixed reality Technologies has broken it make it to experience both simultaneously.
Top application of MR
Education industry
Engineering sector
Entertainment and
Healthcare

what is mach number ?

Gear Mechanism in the Mechanical Actuation system.

Gear

Gear trains are the mechanism which is very widely used to transfer and transform rotational motion. they are used when a change in speed or torque of a rotation device is needed. For example, the car gearbox enables the driver to match the speed and torque requirement of the terrain with the engine power available.

Gear can be used for the transmission of rotary motion between the parallel shaft and for the shaft which has axes inclined to one another. When two gear is in mesh, the larger gear wheel is often called the spur gear and the smaller one the pinion. 

Gear Train

The term gear train is used to describe a series of the intermeshed gear wheel. the term simple gear train is used for a system where each shaft carries only one gear wheel, the overall gear ratio is the ratio of the angular velocities at the input and output shaft.

The terms compound gear train is used to describe a gear train when the two wheels are mounted on the common shaft.

Rotational to translational motion

The rack and pinion is another form of gear, being essentially two intermeshed gears with one having a base circle of infinite radius. such gear can be used to transform either linear motion to rotational motion or vice versa. Another method that has been used for converting rotary motion translational motion is the screw and nut system. With the conventional form of screw and nut, the nut is rotated and moved along the stationary screw.

Ratchet and pawl mechanism

A ratchet is a device that allows linear or rotary motion in only one direction.it is used in rotary machines to index air operated the indexing table. the ratchet pawl mechanisms are consist of a wheel called ratchet, with saw-shaped teeth which engage with an arm called a pawl. the arm is pivoted and can move back and forth to engage the wheel. 

The shape of the teeth is such that rotation can occur in only one direction.rotation of the ratchet wheel in a clockwise direction is prevented by the pawl and can only take place when the pawl is lifted. the pawl is normally spring loaded to ensure that it automatically engages with the ratchet teeth.

Belt and chain drives

Belt drives are essentially just a pair of rolling cylinders with the motion of one cylinder being transferred to the other by a belt. belt drives use the friction that develope between the pulleys attached to the shaft and belt around the arc of contact in order to transmit a torque. the transmitted torque is due to the differences in the tension that occurs in the belt during operation. this differences results in a tight side and a slack side for the belt.

As a method of transmitting power between two shafts, belt drives have the advantages that the length of the belt can easily be adjusted to suit a wide range of shaft to shaft distances and the system is automatically protected against overloaded because slipping occurs if the loading exceeds the maximum tension that can be sustained by frictional forces.

Types of belts.

1. Flat belt: It is in rectangular in shape and cross-section. flat belt has an efficiency of 98% and produces little noise. it can transmit power over the long distance between pulley centre.
2. Round belt: it has a circular cross-section and is used with groove pulleys.
3. V-belt: V belt is used with grooved pulleys and is less efficient than the flat belt.
4. Timing belt: timing belt requires toothed wheels, having teeth which fit into the grooves on the wheels.   

Mechanical Actuating System Used in Mechatronics.

Mechanical Actuating System

Mechanisms are devices which are used to convert the motion from one form to other required forms. examples, transform linear motion into rotational motion, or motion in one direction to move in a direction at a right angle, a linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion, as in the internal combustion engine where the reciprocating motion of the piston is converted into rotation of the crank and hence the drive shaft.

Mechanical elements can include the use of linkage, cams, gear rack-pinion, chain, belt drives. Many of the action which previously was obtained by the use of the mechanism are, however, often now days being obtained as a mechatronics approach by the use of a microprocessor system. The mechatronics approach has resulted in a simplification and often a reduction in cost. while electronics might now be used often for many functions that previously were fulfilled by mechanism, the mechanism might still be used to provide such functions as:

1. force amplification; given by lever 
2. change of speed; given by gear
3. a particular type of motion; given by quick return mechanism.

The motion of any rigid body can be considered to be a combination of translation and rotational motion. by considering the three dimensions of space.

1. Translational motion can be considered to be a movement which can be resolved into components along one or more of the three axes
2. A rotational motion can be considered as a rotation which has component rotating about one or more of the axes

Degree of freedom and constraints

A body that is free in space can move in three independent, mutually perpendicular directions and rotate in three ways about direction, then it is said to have six degrees of freedom. 

The degree number of freedom is the number of components of the motion that are required in order to generate motion. the problem in design is often to reduce the number of degree of freedom and this requires an appropriate number and orientation of the constraints. without any constrain a body would have six degrees of freedom.

The cam shape required to produce a particular motion of the follower will depend on the shape of the cam and the type of the follower used. Cams are the mechanical devices which are used to generate curvilinear or irregular motion of the mechanical elements. they are used to convert rotary motion into oscillatory motion or vice versa. as the cam rotates so the follower is made to rise, dwell and fall, the length of times spent at each of these positions depending on the shape of the cam.

Classification of Cams.

1. Wedge and flat cams:                                                                  A wedge cam has a wedge of specified contour and has translational motion. The follower can either translate or oscillate. a spring is used to maintain the contact between the cam and the follower.
   

           

1. Plate cam:                                                                                    The follower moves in a radial direction from the centre of the rotation of the cam. the follower reciprocates or oscillates in a plane normal to the cam axis.
   

Cylindrical Cam: A cylinder has a circumferential contour cut in the surface and the cam rotates about the axis. the follower motion is either oscillating or reciprocating type.

 Applications of Cams:

      Cams are widely used in the automation of the machinery, gear cutting machines, screw machine, printing press, textile industry, automobile engine valve

1. Cams in automatic lathes 
2. Automatic copying machine
3. I.C engines 

Requirement of An Ideal Control System.

There are two major division in the control theory, classical and modern, which have direct implications over the control Engineering. The area of classical control theory is limited to single input and single output system design.
Modern control theory is carried out strictly in the complex or the frequency domain and can deal with the multi-output system.
So many parameters are considered in the design of the control system. Each and every control system are designed to achieve and perform the specific task. so to achieve that particular objective, a control system should satisfy the following requirement.
1. Stability
2. Bandwidth
3. Speed
4. Accuracy
5. Sensitivity
6. Disturbance

Stability:
In the initial condition system parameters do not result in large changes in the system behaviour. Stability is the important parameters of the transient response of a control system.A ideal control system is one which gives bonded output for bounded input. stability in the control system implies that small change in the system input.
Bandwidth:
Basically bandwidth of the control system defined the range of input of  that particular system. output of a ideal control system should be consatnt and should give satisfactory output for the input frequency.
Speed:
speed of the control system refers the how fast the output of the system approaches to the required value. speed is measured in terms of the settling time and rise time. an ideal control system should have good speed.
Accuracy:
it just compare the input and the obtained output from the system, how much output is close to input or desire value. an ideal control system should be highly accurate.
Sensitivity:
It is an important parameter that must be considered in the system design. an ideal control system should be insensitive to the variations in the parameters of the system but it should be insensitive to the input command.
Disturbance:
almost all the control system are subjected to the some kind of unwanted or noise during the operation of control system. like wind gust, thermal noise, voltage is very common. therefore to avoid this problem , in the design of a control system, special attention and consideration must be given to the external disturnbance , so that the system is insensitive to noise and disturbance but must be sensitive to the input command.
Controller
Controller is a basic element of a control system which compare the actual value of the plant output with the reference input value to determine the error or deviation and produces proper corrective action taht will reduce the error to a smaller value or tends to zero.Generelly itis known as automatic controllers.
Types of control system:

1. Proportional controller
2. Derivative controller 
3. Integral controller
4. Proportional plus integeral controller
5. Proportional plus differential controller 
6. Proportional plus differentila plus integral controller
7. On-off controller

Read more:Open loop and closed loop control system.