Internal Combustion Engine Parts and its Function.

Internal combustion engine is a very complex , it is consist of huge number of parts. so it would be bit difficult to explain each part .
Important parts of the internal combustion engine.

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1.Cylinder

•  They cylinder  is the main body of an engine in which piston reciprocates to develop power. 
• It has to with stand high pressure and temperature around 2900 degree Celsius. 
• Cylinder block in which houses the engine cylinders.
•  Engine material should be good conductor of heat and should resist wear and tear due to reciprocating.
• Material:- Generally cast iron is used                                                  - for heavy duty engine alloy steel are used

2.Cylinder liners

• It is used to reduce the wear and increase the cylinder life.
• If the cylinder is made up of aluminium alloy then the wear of the cylinder is more.
• Whenever  cylinder block is inserted beyond the allotted space then the liner bring it to it's original position.
• Types of liner
1. Dry liner
2. Wet liner
• Material:- alloy iron*

3.Piston

•  Piston is a reciprocating part of the engine and convert the combustion pressure to force on the crankshaft.
• It has enough strength to withstand the high pressure.
• It's construction is rigid to withstand thermal and the mechanical distortion.
• Piston diameter is smaller than the cylinder bore.
• It has the shape of an inverted bucket,the top portion is called crown or head.
• Material:- aluminium alloys

4.Piston rings

• Piston rings are located on the top of the piston, and it is used to maintain the seal between the piston and the cylinder bore.
•  It is made up of grey cast iron or  alloy cast iron because of its good wearing properties even at the high temperature.
• It provide passage of heat flow from the piston head to the cylinder wall.
• It maintain the lubricating oil in the cylinder wall throughout the movement of piston that reduces the wear between the ring and cylinder wall.
• Types of piston ring
1. compression ring
2. oil ring
• Material:-fine grained alloy cast iron

5.piston pin

• It is used to connect the piston and the connecting rod, it is also called as the wrist ring.
• It is in tabular shape to provide adequate strength with minimum weight.
• The center of piston pin usually be 0.02D to 0.04D above the center of the skirt.
• The piston pin is fastened to the connecting rod by means of bolt and uses the piston bosses for bearing
• Material:- low carbon case hardened steel.

6.connecting rod 

• The connecting rod are used to connect the piston to the crankshaft.
• It converts reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the crankshaft.
• The upper end of the rod oscillates while the lower end is rotates.
• The rod has an I - beam cross section to provide maximum rigidity with minimum weight.
• Material:- malleable cast iron

7.Crank shaft

• It is used to covert the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotary motion.
• Crankshaft receive the power from the connecting rod and at the same time transfer to the wheels.
• The  crankshaft is held in position by a number of main bearing and they form for the rotation of the crankshaft.
• material:-alloy steel or cast iron

8.valves

• Valve is a device that regulates or control the flow of fluid and gases.
• Each engine cylinder has two valve called inlet valve and exhaust valve.
• Air-fuel mixture is introduced through the inlet valve and the burn gases escape out from the exhaust valve .
• The inlet and exhaust valve are made up of different material as they are subjected to different operation condition.
• Types of valves
1. Poppet valve 
2. Sleeve valve
3. Rotary valve
• Material:- silicon-chrome steel

Classification of Internal Combustion Engine

Two Stroke engine and its function.

Four stroke engine, Difference Between Four Stroke and twoStroke Engine.

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